Monthly Archives: March 2008

Press Release: Speaking of Research: Students Stand Up for Animal Testing

Contact: Tom Holder – 703 395 0646

Speaking of Research: Students Stand Up for Animal Testing

(Alexandria, VA) – The tide could be turning against animal rights activists who demonstrate on campuses around the nation. Today marks the launch of Speaking of Research (SR), a student outreach organization, which aims to rally students and faculty in support of lifesaving medical research using animals.

Speaking of Research seeks to challenge animal rights dominance of the issue by participating in talks and debates on campuses across the country in the coming months. The group’s website, www.speakingofresearch.org, provides students with the information and encouragement to enable them to speak out on the issue. Animal rights activism is now at an all time high in the United States. Several university researchers have recently had their homes attacked by protesters while other scientists and their families have been threatened by mail, email and phone.

Tom Holder, founder of Speaking of Research, said: “Students played a major part in changing public attitudes toward animal research in the UK, and we believe that American students can do the same. Animal research is responsible for most of the lifesaving treatments we take for granted, from anaesthetics and asthma inhalers to penicillin and insulin. It’s time to stand up for science, reason and the belief that a small and sometimes violent minority should not be allowed to dictate the future of medical research.”

In the UK, the student movement Pro-Test (www.pro-test.org.uk) was one of the main driving forces behind creating open, popular support for animal research. In 2006 it held the first ever demonstration in support of animal research, attracting nearly 1,000 people. Holder was head organizer for all three Pro-Test demonstrations, and has since moved to the US in order to help bring balance to a debate which has been monopolized by animal rights groups.

Jacquie Calnan, president of Americans for Medical Progress (www.amprogress.org), a non-profit that provides support for scientists who carry out animal research, commented: “For far too long our college campuses have been prime recruitment turf for animal rights groups seeking to misrepresent scientists’ need for animals in biomedical research. Animal rights disinformation campaigns have dissuaded some students from pursuing careers in the life sciences, and others to actively oppose the ongoing search for medical progress.”

Contact Speaking of Research:

Tom Holder, 703-395-0646

media@speakingofresearch.org

www.speakingofresearch.org

Speaking of Research Launches Website

With the website’s basic layout complete (with more information to be added over time) we have decided to launch Speaking of Research.

Please enjoy the website, and contact us with your comments and suggestions – contact@speakingofresearch.org

Cheers

Tom

Tumor Metastasis: Pieces of the Puzzle

When engaging in discussion about the role of animals in scientific

research I am frequently frustrated by how polarized the debate can be,
with anti-vivisectionists often claiming that animal research has made
little or no contribution to advancing medical science, while
occasionally defenders of animal research seem to imply that animal
research alone was responsible for said advances. The reality is a
little more complex with many approaches, some using animals, some not,
being crucial to the process. A procedure that uses animals might
confirm and extend the findings of an /in vitro/ experiment, and then in
its turn be verified and enlarged upon by a clinical study in man.A study published in /Nature/ this week by Dr Terumi Kohwi-Shigematsu
and colleagues (1), and picked up by the /Independent/ newspaper
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/gene-discovery-raises-hopes-of-new-treatment-for-breast-cancer-795002.html,
provides a neat illustration of this process in action. Their work
determined that a protein called SATB1, previously identified as a key
factor in driving the expression of genes required for immune system
T-cell development, was also a key player in breast cancer metastasis.
Breast cancer still kills over 10,000 women every year in the UK, the
majority when the cancer spreads from the breast to other tissues.Dr. Kohwi-Shigematsu’s team started by identifying a protein called
SATB1 that was found in cell lines derived from metastatic breast tumour
cells but not in cell lines derived in non-metastatic cells. A screen
of samples from over 1,000 breast cancer patients found that higher
levels of SATB1 in tumour biopsies were associated with a worse
prognosis. These results indicated that higher levels of SATB1 were
associated with metastasis, but not that these higher levels caused
metastasis. After all the higher SATB1 levels could have been a result
of cells becoming metastatic, so they next used RNA interference (RNAi)
to silence SATB1 gene expression in vitro in a metastatic cell line and
found that this caused the cells to grow more slowly and adopt the
characteristics of non-metastatic cells.At this point they were ready to see what effect different levels of
SATB1 expression had on metastasis in a mouse breast cancer model. In a
series of tests they observed that breast cancer cells expressing SATB1
were far more likely to metastasize and form tumours in other tissues,
and that this metastasis could be blocked by RNAi targeting SATB1,
results that confirmed the key role played by SATB1 in metastasis. They
didn’t stop there though, and returned to /in vitro /microarray studies
which demonstrated that SATB1 affects the activity of over 1,000 genes,
notably increasing expression of metastasis-associated genes while
downregulating tumour-suppressor genes.

So where it goes from here? Perhaps the expression of SATB1 will in
future be used as a criterion when deciding whether a patient would
benefit from more aggressive chemotherapy, or maybe SATB1 will itself
become a target for drugs designed to block metastasis. It may even
turn out that a gene whose expression is altered by SATB1 is a more
tempting target for new anti-cancer drugs. What is certain is that with
this very thorough piece of work Dr Kohwi-Shigematsu’s team has opened a
promising new avenue for cancer research.

Paul Browne

1) Han H.-J. /et al. /”SATB1 reprogrammes gene expression to promote
breast tumour growth and metastasis.” Nature. Vol. 452(7184), Pages
187-93 (2008) PubMed: 18337816.